Understanding the 6 stages of a production schedule
Tempo Team
When it comes to the intricate process of turning ideas into tangible products, few things are as essential as a well-crafted production schedule.
Like a conductor arranging a variety of instruments to create a masterpiece, a production schedule orchestrates the various elements of design, manufacturing, and delivery to bring the final product to life. Let’s delve into the world of production schedules — their significance, key components, and how they play a pivotal role in ensuring smooth operations.
What’s a production schedule?
A production schedule is an inventory management tool that tracks every single product a company manufactures, including point of origin, raw materials, and supply chain details. The comprehensive document requires constant updating and built-in contingencies to avoid bottlenecks and manufacturing delays.
Production scheduling examines eight elements of your manufacturing workflow:
Distribution (parts): A well-crafted production schedule guides the distribution of assembly components to workers. By ensuring the right parts are allocated correctly and in sync with production flow, the schedule mitigates bottlenecks and reduces downtime.
Distribution (labor): The production schedule serves as a record of labor hours, overtime tracking, and staffing levels. This transparency helps ensure the right workforce is available at the right time to match production demands.
Inventory levels: Aside from maintaining stock levels, scheduling helps keep the warehouse organized by tracking everything going in and out.
Equipment status: A great production schedule takes a proactive approach to equipment management. By consistently analyzing performance and status, you can address maintenance needs and prevent unplanned downtime and costly replacements.
Financial allocations: A robust production schedule is a powerful financial tool. By mapping out resource allocation and costs, the document can aid resource management and help you address unforeseen financial challenges.
Product quality: Consistent inventory management, precise part distribution, and efficient labor allocation means a higher output of quality products within tighter timeframes.
Customer satisfaction: With high-quality products rolling off the assembly line, orders are fulfilled accurately and on time, fostering customer trust and loyalty.
Brand reputation: The positive ripple effect of a well-executed production schedule extends to your brand. Full optimization of manufacturing processes results in products that meet or surpass customer standards, contributing to an exceptional brand reputation in the market.
Why is production scheduling important?
Creating a production schedule is integral to an effective manufacturing process, as it works to improve production time, reduce costs, and bolster product inventory controls. Along the way, you'll find that improving those processes leads to less waste and a path to efficiency devoid of roadblocks.
Here are four more benefits of a production schedule:
Assists with planning by predicting labor, material, and equipment demands
Acts as a scheduling resource by allocating labor resources based on demand
Helps manage inventory by carefully maintaining output levels amidst fluctuations in supply or surges in demand
Improves efficiency by reducing downtime and bringing awareness to bottlenecks
Production planning versus production scheduling
Production planning and scheduling operate on different scales and serve distinct purposes within the manufacturing process. Production planning is much broader in scope, covering strategies for optimizing the manufacturing and delivery processes over months or years. In contrast, production scheduling operates on a short timeline, focusing on the efficiencies of production in the here and now.
Unlike planning, production scheduling must be flexible enough to roll with the punches. Changes in supply, financial constraints, or equipment demand a schedule that can keep up with preset production levels without missing a beat.
The 6 stages of production scheduling
The manufacturing process is complex and full of constant change — that's why scheduling is a critical production management process meant to create efficiencies, optimize workflows, and organize everything from the supply chain to labor.
Here are the six stages of production scheduling for crafting your own document:
1. Planning
During the planning stage of production scheduling, you must compile and analyze all resources and associated costs to meet the preset manufacturing goals. There are two types of planning to choose from:
Static planning assumes there will be no changes to the schedule and everything will run successfully without interference
Dynamic planning accounts for changes to the schedule, a more flexible option that allows for shifts in the process to maintain output
2. Routing
This stage is all about pathfinding. The first path is determining the best way to convert raw materials or supplies into a finished product. The second path is how that finished product enters the consumer-facing marketplace. Your goal is to root out inefficiencies where these two paths converge to be as cost-effective as possible.
3. Scheduling
The scheduling stage encompasses the creation of a timeframe for each stage of production, as well as the final deadline for the entire project. There are three types of scheduling:
A master production schedule includes budget, labor, and resource projections to manufacture a product within a specific timeframe
A manufacturing schedule is a specific production plan that lays out the process for converting raw materials into a finished product
The retail operations schedule is similar to the master production schedule but centers around prepping products for retail distribution instead of direct-to-consumer sales
4. Dispatching
Ensure all resources, people, and budgets are in line. Then, distribute any guidelines or role-related rules to the labor force and kick off production.
5. Realizing
There’s excitement in the air, the machines are whirring, and the finished products are rolling off the line. But your job is far from over — you must closely monitor operations to ensure processes are at maximum efficiency and stakeholders receive products on time.
6. Maintaining
During the production process, there will likely be tweaks and roadblocks. These changes will affect the schedule and, potentially, the delivery of finished products. It's integral to consistently update this “living” document and make the necessary adjustments to maintain workflow. Be sure to share the schedule and subsequent updates with all team members to ensure everyone is on the same page.
Factors to consider in production scheduling
While creating a production schedule, there are five factors that should always be at the forefront of your mind. These are relevant throughout the entire production process and should influence your decision-making:
Time management: A well-crafted production schedule is a time-driven map that guides the entire manufacturing process, ensuring products are delivered to market on schedule and customers are satisfied.
Materials handling: Successful production hinges on having the right materials at the right time. Effective sourcing, storage, and inventory management are pivotal to ensuring uninterrupted production.
Strategic workforce allocation: A crucial responsibility of a production schedule is orchestrating the workforce. Adequate staffing levels, skill alignment, and precise scheduling of workers breathe life into the manufacturing process.
Machine use: The crowning jewel of any production facility is its machinery. Machinery downtime directly impacts productivity and can create cascading delays, so ensuring equipment is functional and well-maintained is a non-negotiable.
Financial viability: A comprehensive production schedule takes into account all costs, from raw materials to labor and overhead, guaranteeing each project is both financially feasible and properly funded.
How to optimize production scheduling
There are a number of production planning tools that can lend you a helping hand, from scheduling software filled with bright Gantt charts to material requirement planning (MRP) graphs and production calendars. But regardless of the planning tools you choose, there are two distinctly different methodologies to consider as you work to optimize production scheduling:
Capacity planning
Capacity planning focuses on available resources and efficient product delivery to enhance customer satisfaction. This planning method emphasizes resource management to ensure there is enough to complete a project and meet any agreements.
There are two types of capacity planning:
Finite assumes limits are set on labor hours, resources, and equipment
Infinite assumes no such limitations exist, so your production capacity is essentially undefined and limitless
Forward and backward scheduling
This method of scheduling is all about production order: The product's due date or starting point determines the timeline structure.
Forward scheduling begins with the earliest step in the process, then builds the schedule out from there. Backward scheduling starts with the due date and backfills the schedule accordingly. Backward scheduling works well for hard deadlines, while forward is best for open-ended dates or continuous production.
Bolster your projects with Strategic Roadmaps
When it comes to project management, having a reliable and efficient tool can make all the difference. To map your projects’ progress, create a roadmap with Strategic Roadmaps. The platform functions like a finely tuned production schedule, ensuring every aspect of your project plan moves seamlessly from inception to completion. And with Timesheets by Tempo, you can keep a vigilant eye on the clock, making sure that each task aligns with the timeline you've crafted in your roadmap.
